Postingan kali ini berisi structure exercise dengan kunci jawaban dan pembahasannya:
Select the correct option for each of the questions below!
1. Angiosperms inhabit relatively diverse environments and may be found ___ higher plants can survive.
A. There
B. Wherever
C. Somewhere
D. Then
2. Gorillas are quiet animals, __________ they are able to make about twenty different sounds.
A. How
B. In spite of
C. Because of
D. Even though
3. ___hardiness, daylilies can be cultivated particularly easily.
A. Their
B. Since their
C. It is their
D. Because of their
4. Somerset Maugham, a novelist, ________ about a restless man's quest for inner understanding in The Razor's Edge.
A. Who wrote this
B. Who wrote
C. When he wrote
D. Wrote
5. Sesame ________ a herbaceous plant native to the tropics.
A. Is
B. Which
C. From
D. It is
6. Although the name was not popularized until the Middle Ages, engineering ________ civilization.
A. As old as
B. Is as old as
C. That is old as
D. As old as that
7. Although research scientists had hoped that the new drug interferon ________ to be a cure for cancer, its applications now appear to be more limited.
A. Prove
B. Had proven
C. Would prove
D. Will prove
8. Black, red, and even bright pink diamonds ________.
A. Occasionally to find
B. Occasionally found
C. Have occasionally been found
D. Have occasionally found
9. The Federal Reserve System, ________ under President Wilson, plays a key role in regulating the U.S. economy.
A. The establishment in 1913
B. Was established in 1913
C. Established in 1913
D. In 1913 they established it
10. Many books ________, but one of the best is "How to Win Friends and Influence People" by Dale Carnegie.
A. Have written about success
B. Written about success
C. Have been written about success
D. About successful
Jawaban dan pembahasan
1. Answer: B
Perhatikan subyek "Angiosperms" dan kata kerja "inhabit" (mendiami, menempati). Kita disini memerlukan kata "where" untuk menunjukkan tempat yang didiami Angiosperms.
2. Answer: D
Kita perlu conjunction yang menyatakan sesuatu yang berlawanan/bertolak belakang. Pada klausa pertama (Gorilla are quiet animals), menyatakan sifat gorilla yang pendiam. Akan tetapi pada klausa kedua, they (gorilla) dinyatakan mampu memproduksi sekitar 20 suara yang berbeda.
Sebenarnya conjunction "in spite of" juga mengandung makna "berlawanan/bertolak belakang. Namun, in spite of tidak diikuti subyek dan predikat. Sedangkan setelah "blank space" ada subyek "they" dan predikat "are able to make". Maka conjunction yang bisa digunakan adalah even though/although.
3. Answer: D
Hubungan antara kedua klausa di atas adalah sebab akibat. Oleh sebab itu kita gunakan "because of their".
Answer: D
Kalimat ini memerlukan predikat dalam bentuk kata kerja "wrote" (Perhatikan kata-kata kunci "novelist" dan "The Razor's Edge"). Subyek kalimat adalah "Somerset Maugham". Frase "a novelist" di antara dua koma berfungsi sebagai keterangan tambahan tentang subyek.
5. Answer: A
Kalimat ini memerlukan predikat dalam bentuk "to be".
6. Answer: B
Pada kalimat ini, engineering dinyatakan mulai ada sejak adanya Civilization (peradaban) itu sendiri. Oleh sebab itu kita perlu "as old as" yang didahului to be "is".
7. Answer: C
Perhatikan bentuk waktu past perfect di klausa pertama "had hoped". Makna dari kalimat di atas adalah pada saat "interferon" akan digunakan, para ilmuwan berharap obat tersebut "akan (will)" bisa mengobati kanker. Disini kata "will" harus diubah menjadi bentuk lampau (would) untuk menyesuaikan dengan bentuk waktu past perfect (had hoped).
8. Answer: C
Kalimat di atas berbentuk pasif. Kita memerlukan to be "been" untuk bentuk waktu perfect sebelum kata kerja bentuk 3 (found= ditemukan).
9. Answer: C
kalimat utama adalah "The Federal Reserve System plays a key role in regulating the U.S. economy". Kata-kata yang ada di antara dua koma ( …. under President Wilson) berfungsi menerangkan subyek (The Federal Reserve System). Kata "established" (pasif, verb 3) disini bermakna "The Federal Reserve System YANG DIDIRIKAN/DIBENTUK pada tahun 1913…".
10. Answer: C
Klausa "Many books … " berbentuk pasif (Banyak buku telah ditulis tentang kesuksesan). Kita memerlukan to be (been) dan verb 3 (written).